Europe is larger then Australia

true lilly wrote:Did you know you didn't even get close to countering
what God described from the beginning, and I have
shown to be so, for years...rhetorical...I know you do,
but hey...you just have to keep 'peddling'...or you fall
DOWN...before you are CUT down.


IN FACT,
SHOW ME ANYWHERE IN THAT TERRITORY
WHERE YOU CAN FIT, 5 TO 10%
OF THE WORLD'S POPULATION!


I CAN SHOW YOU ONE WHERE YOU CAN,
and UNlike ALL other land masses, NOT
littered with Earthquakes and Volcanoes![/b]

The sad thing is, that thinking folk know you are not arguing with me
(you fought and lost that war years ago), but are desperately trying to
stop others seeing the reality of the whole real world, from the beginning,
as God described it, lest they also see that No Land Can SAVE anyone,
but God exists and HE DOES, Preserve and SAVE, as He Promised.[/color]


gibberish.....gibberish..........gibberish..etcetera.... etcetera.... etcetera.... etcetera.... etcetera.... etcetera....

FIRST: Where was the first alphabet formed, the means of communication that YHWH used to communicate to humankind? The Siani Desert. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Sinaitic_alphabet

Proto-Sinaitic, also known as Proto-Canaanite, was the first consonantal alphabet. Even a quick and cursory glance at its inventory of signs makes this script's Egyptian origin very apparent.[citation needed] Originally it was thought that at round 1700 BCE, Sinai was conquered by Egypt, and the local West-Semitic population were influenced by Egyptian culture and adopted a small number of hieroglyphic signs (about 30) to write their own language. However, recent discoveries in Egypt itself have compounded this scenario. Inscriptions dating to 1900 BCE written in what appears to be Proto-Sinaitic were found in Upper Egypt, and nearby Egyptian texts speak of the presence of Semitic-speaking people living in Egypt

ALL the worlds population-6/7,ooo,ooo,ooo,ooo peeps would fit in a landmass the size of Rhode Island or Delaware....there are 1.5 million people per square mile in Mumbai. Regardless, all the worlds people don't have to be in one place. I've refuted your 'theory/hypothesis.....1,000 times..........You calll YHWH and Yahshua/jesus liars.

You're an Antisemitic NeoNazi. you curse israel. 12 And YHWH said to Abram, “Go yourself outh of your land, from your relatives and from your father’s house, to a land which I show you. 2“And I shall make you a great nation, and bless you and make your name great, and you shall be a blessing! 3“And I shall bless those who bless you, and curse him who curses you. And in you all the clans of the earth shall be blessed.”

There is written History aqnd archaeological Artifacts that refute your nonsense.

Zion is/in Israel. Yerushalayim/Jerusalem is the Capital

that it is after all possible to conceive of a first century Jew credibly coming to believe that he was called to die for the sins of Israel, and perhaps even of the world. Also he admits it is possible to conceive of a first century Jew credibly coming to believe that he was called to do and be what, in scripture, only YHWH, Israel’s God, gets to do and to be.......................The Jews believed in a quite different “god.” This god, YHWH, “the One Who Is,” the Sovereign One, was not simply the objectification of forces and drives within the world, but was the maker of all that exists. Several biblical books, or parts thereof, are devoted to exploring the difference between YHWH and the pagan idols: Daniel, Isaiah 40-55, and a good many Psalms spring obviously to mind. The theme is summed up in the Jewish daily prayer: “YHWH our God, YHWH is one!”[10]

..............Since, the early Christians all regarded Jesus as the Messiah of Israel, the one in whom Israel’s destiny had been summed up............But it is not merely a NT dogma that Jesus brings the story of Israel to its climax, and so becomes the instrument of God’s long-promised salvation. Israel’s story is not a notion, floating two miles in the sky above the Palestine of Jesus’ day. Israel’s story was the real flesh-and-blood, wars-and-rumours-of-wars story of the Maccabees and the Herodians, of Judas the Galilean, Simon bar Giona, of the Jewish War, of Josephus, of a hundred kingdom movements and a hundred thousand crosses planted around Jerusalem. This was the story, the warts-and-all story, that Jesus of Nazareth brought to its god-ordained climax. If we want to know the truth of the salvation which he wrought, that is where we must look for it and not somewhere else. ...................I have argued elsewhere that a central feature of Jewish expectation, and kingdom expectation at that, in Jesus’ time was the hope that YHWH would return in person to Zion. Having abandoned Jerusalem at the time of the exile, his return was delayed, but he would come back at last. .......................And Jesus seems to have believed it about himself. The language was deeply coded, but the symbolic action was not. He was coming to Zion, doing what YHWH had promised to do. He explained his action with riddles all pointing in the same direction. Recognize this, and you start to see it all over the place, especially in parables and actions whose other layers have preoccupied us. Why, after all, does Jesus tell a story about a yearning father in order to account for his own behavior?[36] It is this that also accounts for his sovereign attitude to Torah, his speaking on behalf of Wisdom, and his announcement of forgiveness of sins.[37] By themselves none of these would be conclusive. Even if they are allowed to stand as words and actions of Jesus, they remain cryptic. But predicate them of the same young man who is then on his way to Jerusalem to confront the powers that be with the message and the action of the kingdom of God and who tells stories as he does which are best interpreted as stories of YHWH returning to Zion, then you have reached. I believe, the deep heart of Jesus’ own sense of vocation. He believed himself called to do and be what in the scriptures only Israel’s God did and was.

............................What are we therefore saying about the earthly Jesus? In Jesus himself, I suggest we see the biblical portrait of YHWH come to life: the loving God, rolling up his sleeves (Isa 52:10) to do in person the job that no one else could do, the creator God giving new life the God who works through his created world and supremely through his human creatures, the faithful God dwelling in the midst of his people, the stern and tender God relentlessly opposed to all that destroys or distorts the good creation, and especially human beings, but recklessly loving all those in need and distress. “He shall feed his flock like a shepherd; he shall carry the lambs in his arms; and gently lead those that are with young” (Isa 40:11). It is the OT portrait of YHWH, but it fits Jesus like a glove. ............

Tzelem Elokim=Humankind as Image of Yah

1: Has Intelligence

2: Has Freewill

3: Has component of Spiritual Being-A Soul

4: HaShem/YHWH Rules the Universe and Spirit World, Humans have dominion over the Lower World.

5: Has the faculty of Judgement

6: Has an inherent Holiness and Dignity

As created in the image of God, humans are endowed with "three intrinsic dignities": infinite value, equality, and uniqueness.

The first means that human life cannot be weighed, measured, or compared in terms of, that is, subordinated to, any other value. In the Kantian Parlance humans are always a goal or end in themselves and never a means to something else.

The second term implies that no person or group is privileged over another. In fact, Idolatry results when a person or group absolutizes itself or its message.

The third idea reinforces the dignity of every human by insisting that each person is irreplaceable and has a special role to play in the redemption of the world.

The jewish religion is founded on the divine assurance and human belief that the world will be perfected." [5] Judaism engages with and seeks to overcome these realities of history through its notion of covenant. The covenant is that dynamic which God inaugurated in history, that partnership between God and the jewish people, to achieve the dignities for which all humans were created. Jews are those teachers, models, and co-workers-having both a divine and human partners - whom God designated to help all persons and even nature achieve redemption. For Greenberg, the messianic dream of perfection will not be realized by divine fiat, but by "improving this world, one step at a time."

These understandings of God, humans, and the world are expressed through the Torah and lived-out by the Jewish people through the Holy days and the Halakhah. In this view, Torah is that divine teaching which stands as "the constitution of the ongoing relationship of God and the Jewish people." Rabbi Greenberg

This expanded view/articulation of higher values help us to search for Yahwehs presence in the secular Realms of Life, some peeps call this: 'Holy Secularism'.

The Covenant is essentially a Divine, Loving, Pedagogic process. As Humans become more competent, Yahweh invites them to take up a more active role in the Task of Tikun Olam/World to Come, as Co-Creators.

The lay people of Yahweh play a more influential role in discerning Yahwehs purpose and in carrying out His Divine Mandates.

Later, ensuing Historical events reshape understandings of earlier Teachings.


Three Revolutionary Innovations in Human History took place.

1: Monotheism

2:Universal Codified Law

3: An Aleph/Bet 1,800 BCE

Monotheism rather then Polytheism, Rule of Law for All rather then the Divine Rights of Kings or Queens and an Aleph/Bet, less then thirty characters that replaced Iconographs/Ideograms and Hieroglyphs, enhancin Literacy amongst the masses.

The abstraction of all these innovations were mutually reinforcing.

Yahweh proclaimed that there exists a Codex of morality that stands above Human intercourse.

The 10 Commandments applied universally to everyone. no King, Pharoah, or Potentate was above the Law.

Refutes the rubric that 'Might makes Right'.

Yahweh expected all His Chosen peeps TO READ what He inspired to be written.

The Pentateuch is the oldest Book written in an Aleph/Bet-Alpha/Bet. Prior books were written in Cuneiform, Hierglyphs etc......

Yahweh forbade anyone from visualising Him. No Images. No Idolatry.

He sanctioned only the written word.

This promulgates equality and openness.

An overarching Theme of the Pentateuch, and ensuing Books of the Bible is: Justice for all.

A distinguishing feature of the Pentateuch from other belief systems of the Time is its dominating Theme of: Righteousness,

Living a pious life and obeying written law was/is more important than winning Battles, honouring the King, or sacrificing to a local god.

Justice for all was a unique community standard in an era when the dominant principle was a raised and clenched fist.

Due to the Concept/Principle of Right Living, a unique type of leader arose amongst the Israelites: The Prophet.

Biblical Prophets; seemingly self-appointed, claiming to receive Testable Signals from Yahweh; witnessed and criticized Israeli behaviour;
confronting the peeps baser urges.

Unlike other ANE Sagas, the Prophets were usually not Royalty, heroes, warriors, they were commen men who railed against injustice and impiety. Constantly upbraiding/Chastizing/Rebuking Israelites; reminding them that Yahweh cared only that his people lived in Truth.

Prophets did not achieve their position by Birthright, appointment or election, they were Inspired and Just.

Unlike other ANE Sagas, the Exodus begins with the people shackled slaves.

Unlike other ANE Sagas, Yahweh 'Chose' the people rather then the people choosing their god.

From Rabbi Greenbergs book, 'For the Sake of Heaven & Earth.
Jews and Xns are redicovering 'The Image of Yah' in each other, after a coupla millenia of discord and animus.

This rediscovery allows each to uncover and affirm each others role in the Divine Plan. The Kingdom of Yahweh is advanced and comes closer.

'You are my witnesses says Yahweh' Isaiah 43:10

The People of Israel are Yahwehs Servants, 'Chosen' to witness to the loving Creator and the Divine Plan for Humanity and the Cosmos.

The People of Israel = not just the Israelis, or Jews, but to all who affirm that Yahweh has made a valid Covenant with Abraham and his descendants and all who take up the task of World Redemption so that the covenant can be fulfilled.

For that is the purpose of making the covenant.

Xns and Muslims are recognized as Abrahams children when they purge themselves of Supersessionist claims and hatred of Jews.

To be True to its Witness, the People of Israel tell 3 Stories to the World, the rest of Humanity, in the presence of Yahweh and in the presence of their fellow Humans.

1: They tell the Story of Creation, the Divine Vision of an intended perfect World. Jew & Xn stake their existence that this World will come to be.

2: The Story of the Covenant, the process operating between a Divine-Human partnership whereby our imperfect World will be brought back to that state of Perfection.

3: The Story of Redemption-sometimes called: 'The End of Days'-'The Messiah Story'-which is the culmination and realization of the process.

At the end, Holistic perfection will be achieved.

Peace between Humans.

Between Humans and all the rest of Life, between all Life and Nature itself, and between all of the above and Yahweh.

Three Stories add up to one comprehensive Story: The Triumph of Life

Summarized

We=ALL Living things-creatures-sustained and Nurtured by Yahweh-will fill the World with Life.

* We will reshape the Historical Reality, the Flesh & Blood world we inhabit, to sustain that Life at the highest possible level.

* Life will multiply and triumph Quantitatively over allits enemies; including Entropy, Death, and Disorder.

* Life will equally triumph Qualitatively.

* All of lifes capacities/potentials will be developed fully and realized.

* When Life blossoms to its fullest capacity that treats all Life, especially Human Life-the most developed form-and sustains it with the highest and fullest respect that it deserves, then Life will be in harmony with existence and deeply related to Yahweh, its Source and Sustainer(Natural Laws)

* This is the Jews Story, and by default; the Christians/Xns.

* Telling the Story of Creation is the Jews 'Witness'. The present evidentiary Facts contradict the Narrative fairly substantialy.

* Yet, This Story of Creation is shared by Jews and Xns.

* This Story leads Humans to see existence as best they can, from a Cosmic Perspective-Sub Specie Aeternitatis.

* From that Vantage Point there are Three Grand Movements in the unfolding Pattern of the Cosmos

1: The World is moving from Chaos to Order. From the Big Bang, with no Laws of Nature to the regularity of the Life sustaining Laws of Nature.

2: The World is moving from Non-Life to Life. From a State in which no life existed to the emergence of Life. From one cell, untold replications, life has grown Quantitatively, and developed Qualitatively. It has luxuriated and spread into a vast range of forms over and through a variety of sustaining conditions/environments.

* The declaration that Life is growing, moving from non-life to life is counter-intuitive.
Death & Entropy refute that contention.

The 'Key' is Yahweh-The Hidden, Infinite Source of Life with limitless Goodness, Love and Power that sustains Life and Nurtures every possible Form of Life into Being.

* Yahweh, the Divine Source evokes the Third Grand Movement of the Cosmos

3: Life is growing ever more to resemble its Ground: Yahweh.

Life moves from being less to becoming more and more like Yahweh. The highest form of Life, the Human Being, represents the High Point reached thus far.

In Human Form, life so resembles its Maker that it is called; Biblically; 'The Image of Yah'

* This emergence of "The Image of Yah" is the Turning Point in Cosmic History according to Jews & Xns.

Up to that point Life has been sworn to 'Be Fruitful & Multiply' (maximizing reproductive success) through a built-in control Programme-A 'Selfish Gene'- that drives the process.

* The 'Image of Yahs' Consciousness is so much like Yahwehs that Humans are able to 'grasp' this overall pattern of which we, ourselves are part, and to join voluntarily in its realization.

* Similarly, The Human 'Image of Yah' has a capacity to Love ALL their fellow creatures and every aspect of the Universe, as well as the Maker of it all and the Beauty of the Plan.

* Once Humans understand and embrace this understanding, they will lovingly identify with and willingly participate in the process of Perfection.

* Yahweh has invited us, as Humans, The 'Image of Yah', to enter into a Covenantal Partnership, committed to Love, to join fully in perfecting the Universe.

Tikun Olam

* The People of Israel joyfully acknowledge that Yahwehs first Covenant, the Noahide Covenant, never superseded, is made with ALL Humanity, not exclusively with Jews and/or Xns alone.

* It is made with ALL Sentient Beings.

* ALL Beings are called to recognize and participate in Natures Patterns.

* To accept Limits.

* To Direct their choices and actions in favour of Life.

* To join in working for Order against Chaos.

* We are ALL CHOSEN to become part of the movement from Non-Life to Life.

* We are commanded to increase Life and make it grow ever more like its Maker.


* The purpose of the Religious way of life is to create the nurturing ambience of memory and experience, of relationships and actions that sustain Human growth and turns it towards Yahweh.

* Being in the 'Image of Yahweh' brings with it more Yahweh like capacities. It bestows intrinsic Dignity, a climatic extension of that respect to which all of life is entitled.

* The People of Israel hold these Truths to be self-evident: That ALL Humans are created in 'The Image of Yahweh'; and endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rightts, among which are:

* Infinite Value

* Equality

* Uniqueness.

These are Birthrights of every Son & Daughter of Yahweh

The Siani Event was the ultimate Social Engineering event.

The Torah is the first, and oldest Book written in an Alphabet/Alephbet ........this alters the hegemony of the Brain to being left hemisphereical centric=Abstract, linear and sequential.the ground for Theoretical Science.....

An Alphabet=less then 30 abstract images.......enabled universal literacy and numerancy.

Egyptians/Sumerians, Ugarits only produced 2% Literacy, among the Royalty and Priesthoods.

The Reason the Bible was written in an alphabet is so that aLL humans could become literate and know YHWHs/Gods Plan for us. We don't need no lying, thieving, deceitful preachers like you that want to obscure and obfusacate what is written.

You don't have any special insights, you're a liar. you can't even explain the Hebrew alephbet.

Ten major archeological discoveries of the past century that are significant for understanding the world of the Bible are identified. For each find, a narrative of its discovery and the crucial information it unlocks is relayed, plus its connection to key biblical events or references. These ten discoveries illustrate the point that new facts about the Bible, its world and personalities, come through diligence in archeological research.

Any list of the major archaeological discoveries of the last century of significance for understanding the world of the Bible must of necessity be arbitrary and based to a considerable degree on the selector's judgment; that is true of this list. Nevertheless, identifying these ten should arouse the interest of readers to the continuing work of archaeologists in the ancient Near East, including at least the eastern Mediterranean, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Iraq and Iran. We should be reminded, too, that the only new facts about the Bible and the world in which the events occurred, the personalities lived, and it was written come from archaeological research. The search for the past and the resultant discoveries are always subject to chance finds, so at any point in time it is possible for evidence to surface that brings a biblical figure or event out of the dust of the past and into the present through the recovery of a new text, inscription, or relic of antiquity.

1 THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS [1]

Cave 4 at Qumran and One of the Dead Sea Scroll Jars on Display at the Amman Archaeological Museum in Jordan.

The initial discovery was by chance in 1947, and not by archaeologists! Bedouin shepherds found seven scrolls or parts of scrolls and fragments, along with store jars and broken pottery jars in a cave overlookingthe northwest end of the Dead Sea. When a dealer acting on behalf of the shepherds sold the scrolls, they came to the attention of scholars in Jerusalem and then the scholarly world.

Subsequent investigations in the area of the cave of discovery ultimately led to the recovery of documents in a total of eleven caves and the excavation of a modest ruin nearby known as Khirbet (the ruin of) Qumran. All of this was occurring as the modern State of Israel was coming into existence, with all the political upheaval involved in that development. [2] As this century ends and a new one begins, efforts for a peaceful political settlement in the region continue and give signs of reaching fruition. In the meantime, scholars continue to study the multitude of fragments recovered and to attempt to assess their significance.

Among the more than eight hundred documents represented by whole scrolls, incomplete scrolls, and a myriad of fragments which have been recovered are complete copies or portions of all the books in the Hebrew Bible (our OT), except for the Book of Esther. These texts are older by at least a thousand years than any previous biblical texts written in Hebrew that we had prior to the discovery. They provide a window into the textual history of the OT prior to the closure of the canon. [3]

Besides copies of scriptural texts, from the caves in the Qumran area came sectarian documents that open a panorama on the obscure Jewish group apparently related to the production and deposition of the manuscripts. [4] This group was likely the Essenes, previously known from references to them in the writings of Flavius Josephus, Philo Judaeus, and Pliny the Elder. All the texts discovered, taken together, open a critical window into events in Palestine in the decades prior to and following the birth of Christ (although no NT texts were found among the scrolls) up to the time of the First Jewish Revolt against the Romans. The historical period of the Dead Sea Scrolls illuminates the environment in which Christianity developed in Palestine, the transformation of Judaism into Rabbinic Judaism in the aftermath of the First Revolt of the Jews against the Romans with the destruction of Jerusalem and its temple, and the context in which the canonization of Holy Scripture was progressing.

The Dead Sea Scrolls now reside mainly in the Shrine of the Book, a part of the Israel Museum in Jerusalem where they are on display. The Copper Scroll can be seen in the Archaeological Museum in Amman, Jordan. Many of the small fragments are housed in the Rockefeller Museum in East Jerusalem. Scholars work almost exclusively with photographs and microfilm of the fragments, however, and these are available to scholars at many of the major universities around the world. It is likely that researchers will still be at work on the scrolls fifty years hence. [5]

2 THE HOUSE OF DAVID INSCRIPTION
More than a quarter of a century of excavations at Tel Dan in the north of Israel at the foot of Mount Hermon produced little in the way of written material. The excavations have been directed through the years since 1966 by Dr. Avraham Biran, distinguised Israeli archaeologist. Then on July 21, 1993, while work crews were preparing the site for visitors, a broken fragment of basalt stone was uncovered in secondary use in a wall. Surveyor Gila Cook glanced at the stone in the rays of the afternoon sun and saw what looked like alphabetic letters. On closer examination it turned out that, indeed, they had found an inscribed stone.. The discovery was of a fragment of a large monumental inscription, measuring about 32 cm. high and 22 cm. at its greatest width. Apparently the stone had been purposely broken in antiquity. It turned out that the stele fragment mentions King David's dynasty, "the House of David." As the preparatory work for tourism proceeded, two additional fragments of the stele were recovered in two separate, disparate locations in June of 1994. The partially reconstructed text reads as follows:

1. [ ... ...] and cut [ ... ]
2. [ ... ] my father went up [against him when] he fought at [ ... ]
3. And my father lay down, he went to his [ancestors]. And the king of I [s-]
4. rael entered previously in my father's land. [And] Hadad made me king.
5. And Hadad went in front of me, [and] I departed from [the] seven [ ...-]
6. s of my kingdom, and I slew [seve]nty kin[gs], who harnessed thou[sands of cha-]
7. Riots and thousands of horsemen (or: horses). [I killed Jeho]ram son of [Ahab]
8. king of Israel, and [I] killed [Ahaz]iahu son of [Jehoram kin-]
9. g of the House of David. And I set [their towns into ruins and turned]
10. their land into [desolation ... ]
11. other [ ... and Jehu ru-]
12. led over Is[rael ... and I laid ]
13. siege upon [ ... ] [6]

The pavement and the wall where the fragments were found was laid at the end of the 9th or beginning of the 8th century BC, according to pottery fragments recovered in probes beneath the flagstone pavement. Since the fragment and the entire pavement was covered by the debris of the Assyrian destruction of Tiglath Pileser III, in 732 BC, it could not have been laid latter than that year.

The surmise is that Jehoash (798-782), grandson of Jehu, or Jehoash's son, Jeroboam II (793, co-regent 782-753), and more likely Jehoash, was the monarch who had this reminder of Aramaean domination smashed (2 Kgs 13:25). It is further assumed that Hazael (844/42-798?) was then king of Aram- Damascus, because Hazael fought against Jehoram of Israel and Ahaziah of Judah ( 2 Kgs 8:7-15, 28; 2 Chr 22:5). Hazael was followed by his son and successor, Ben-hadad III, early in the 8th century BC

The discovery provides an archaeological connection to the biblical references to the ruling dynasty established by King David approximately two centuries before the events that are mentioned in the inscription. It is the first mention of King David and the earliest mention of a biblical figure outside of the Bible. The discovery is of particular importance in the face of those scholars who were either skeptical or denied the historical existence of King David [7]

3 AMULET SCROLL [8]
In 1979 Israeli archaeologist Gabriel Barkay, working with a group of students from the Institute of Holy Land Studies (now Jerusalem University College), excavated several tombs in Jerusalem on the "Shoulder of Hinnom," on the southwestern slope of the Hinnom Valley adjacent to the Scottish Presbyterian Church of St. Andrew. In one burial cave a repository for grave goods was found, containing approximately 700 items, including burial gifts of pottery vessels, over 100 pieces of silver jewelry, arrowheads, bone and ivory artifacts, alabaster vessels, 150 beads and a rare, early coin. Among the silver items was a rolled-up amulet bearing the tetragrammaton, the name of God (the consonantal letters yod, he, waw, he), YHWH.

The tomb dates to the end of the Davidic dynasty, approximately the seventh century BC. The silver amulet thus dates to the end of the seventh or early sixth century. The prayer-like inscription containing the divine name provides the oldest extra-biblical evidence for the name of God thus far archaeologically recovered in Jerusalem. The scripture passage on the amulet is from the Aaronic or priestly blessing found in Num 6:24-25. The owner apparently wore the inscribed, rolled-up silver amulet during his/her lifetime, and people felt it appropriate that such objects should accompany the owner in death as in life.

Of secondary interest is the fact that the evidence from the Shoulder of Hinnom tombs indicates a population in the Jerusalem area in the aftermath of the Babylonian destruction of the city. The evidence also indicates a certain level of wealth on the part of those buried in the tombs.

4 GALILEE BOAT [9]
A severe drought in 1985-86 brought the Sea of Galilee to unusually low levels, exposing large areas of the lakebed along the shoreline. Two brothers–Moshe and Yuval Lufan--from Kibbutz Ginnosar, near Tiberias along the northwest shore of the sea, discovered the remains of a 2,000 year old boat buried in the mud along the shore. Israeli archaeologist Shelley Wachsman, an expert in marine archaeology, examined the sunken boat in situ and was able to confirm that it was an ancient rather than a modern craft. His judgment was based on a construction technique used in antiquity in which the planks of the hull were edge-joined with mortise and tendon joints held together by wooden pegs. This was the first time an ancient boat had been discovered in the Sea of Galilee.


The Galilee Boat on Permanent Display
at the Nof Ginosaur Museum.

The boat measured approximately 30 feet long and 8 feet wide at its greatest width. It was excavated during February, 1986, and carefully moved some 1600 yards to a specially constructed conservation pool where it remained for several years undergoing treatment for its preservation. On the basis of pottery fragments found in the boat, it has been dated between the latter part of the first century BC to approximately the mid-century AD. Seventeen pieces of pottery were used in the analysis, including a complete lamp and cooking pot, as well as identifiable fragments of cooking pots, store jars, a jug and juglets. The pottery was identifiable as a part of the assemblage known from other Galilee excavation sites. In addition, carbon 14 dating gave corroborating dates between 120 BC and AD 40.

Evidence was found that the boat could be both sailed and/or rowed. Apparently the boat could accommodate four oarsmen plus a helmsman. It is estimated that the boat could hold some fifteen individuals, similar to the boats in which Jesus and his twelve disciples traveled across the sea (See Matt 8:18, 23-27, 9:1, 14:13- 14, 22-32, 15:39, 16:5; Mark 4;35-41, 5:18, 21, 6:32-34, 45-51, 8:9-10, 13-14; Luke 6:1, 8:22-25, 37, 40; John 6:16-21).

In recent years the boat, now preserved through the conservation efforts, has a permanent home in a specially constructed exhibit hall at Kibbutz Ginnosar. It has become a highlight for tourists visiting the Holy Land and a visual reminder of the Gentle Teacher from Galilee.

5 BARUCH BULLA [10]
Literally hundreds of Hebrew seals and seal impressions have been discovered in the last century and a half either in authorized archaeological excavations or by clandestine diggers; the results of the latter ending up in the hands of antiquities dealers, subsequently to come into the hands of collectors or of scholars. Hardened clay seal impressions are called "bullae" (sg., bulla). Bullae have survived in damp earth in a remarkable way.

In biblical Israel, papyrus was the primary form of writing material. Once an official document was written, it would be rolled up, one end folded in one-third of the breadth and the opposite end similarly folded in. The document, now shortened by folding, was tied with a string and a lump of clay was impressed on the knotted string. Then the upper surface of the clay lump was impressed with the signet ring of the owner of the document or its writer. Such documents were stored in temple or palace archives, with the unbroken seal guaranteeing the validity of the document's contents.

The reason the clay bullae survived is that a conflagration that destroyed the building and the papyrus archive fired the clay sealings, making them practically indestructible. The evidence of the knotted cord to which the clay had been attached remains on the underside of the bullae.

Sometime during the 1970's, a bulla containing the stamp and name of the scribe of Jeremiah appeared on the antiquities market and was acquired by a collector, Dr. R. Hecht. He permitted Israeli archaeologist Nahman Avigad to publish the bulla, which came from an unidentified place, now thought to be the "burnt house" excavated by Yigal Shiloh. The bulla is now in the Israel Museum. It measures 17 by 16 mm, and is stamped with an oval seal, 13 by 11 mm. A single line borders the impression, and it is divided by double horizontal lines into three registers bearing the following inscription:

lbrkyhw Belonging to Berechiah
bn nryhw son of Neriah
hspr the scribe.

The script used is the pre-exilic ancient Hebrew linear script, rather than the post-exilic script adopted by Jews from the contemporary Aramaic script. Reading the Hebrew from right to left, the first letter, Heb (l), is the preposition "to, belonging to," and the last three letters, heb. (yhw)is a shortened form of the name of God, Heb. (yhwh), the shortened form was likely pronounced "yahu." Baruch's name means "Blessed of the Lord (Yahweh)."

This bulla was without doubt from the impression of Baruch ben Neriah , the scribe who wrote to the dictation of the prophet Jeremiah (Jer 36:4). Dr. Avigad expressed his personal feelings as he worked with the Baruch Bulla as having the feeling "of personal contact with persons who figure prominently in the dramatic events in which the giant figure of Jeremiah and his faithful follower Baruch were involved at a most critical time preceding the downfall of Judah." [11]

Avigad also published a seal bearing the inscription "Belonging to Seraiah (ben) Neriah." Seriah was the "chief chamberlain" in the court of King Zedekiah (Jer 51:59). [12] He accompanied the king to Babylon, and he carried a written oracle from the prophet Jeremiah looking for the ultimate destruction of Babylon, which he was to read aloud on his arrival in the city, then to throw the document into the Euphrates (Jer 59:64). Seriah ben Neriah was the brother of Baruch ben Neriah, and both were close friends of the prophet Jeremiah.

6 OSSUARY OF CAIAPHAS [13]
A dump truck accidentally smashed through the roof of a tomb in November, 1990, during some work in the Jerusalem Peace Forest, leading to the discovery of the ossuary which contained the bones of the High Priest in the time of Jesus. The Jerusalem Peace Forest is located on the southwest side of old Jerusalem, across the Hinnom Valley from Mt. Zion. Here, on the slope of the hills is a large cemetery from the late Second Temple era (1st century BC to 1st century AD). Rock-cut burial chambers used by Jews in this period contained typically four burial niches, shelves cut into the sides of the chamber; ossuaries are also characteristic of and unique to the period.

An ossuary is a stone bone box, used for secondary burials. Initially the body is laid to rest in a burial niche. After decomposition, the bones were collected and placed in an ossuary, making the burial niche available for a subsequent burial. Tombs belonged to families, so subsequent burials were normal. Two of a dozen ossuaries in the tomb contained a form of the name Qafa', or Caiaphas. Several of the ossuaries were decorated with traditional carved rosettes, zig-zag patterns, and other designs. The most intricately carved ossuary was decorated with two circles each containing five rosettes, and twice carved into an undecorated side appears the name, "Yehosef bar Qafa'" (Joseph son of Caiaphas). The ossuary contained the remains of six people: two infants, a child aged two to five, a boy aged 13 to 18, an adult female and a man about 60 years old. The latter are believed to be the bones of Caiaphas, before whom Jesus was brought for questioning (Matt 26:3, 57; Luke 3:2; John 11:49, 18:13, 14, 24, 28; Acts 4:6) [14]

7 PONTIUS PILATE INSCRIPTION

Replica of Pilate Inscription on Display at Caesarea.

Pontius Pilate was the fifth governor of Roman Judea, under whose governance Jesus of Nazareth was crucified (Matt 27:2, plus 60 additional occurrences in the gospels, Acts, and 1 Timothy). He was appointed by the emperor Tiberius in AD 26 and suspended by L. Vitellius, Roman governor of Syria, in AD 37, after slaughtering a number of Samaritans at Mt. Gerizim.

Although Pilate is also mentioned in Josephus, Philo and Tacitus and coins issued during his governance exist, inscriptional evidence for Pilate was discovered in Italian excavations at Caesarea Maritima in 1961. Antonio Frova, director of the excavations, found a dedicatory stone that bore a three-line inscription: Tiberieum/[Pon]tius Pilatus/[Praef]ectus Iuda[eae], "Tiberius [the Roman emperor of the period]/Pontius Pilate/Prefect of Judea." The stone, in secondary use in the theatre at Caesarea, had been shaped to fit its new use and in the process some of the inscription had been mutilated, although it was easily reconstructed. The inscription not only confirms the historicity of Pilate, it clarifies the title that he bore as governor. It is now on display in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem.

8 EKRON INSCRIPTION [15]
In 1993, archaeologists Seymour Gitin of the W. F. Albright Institute of Archaeological Research and Trude Dothan of Hebrew University of Jerusalem, were in their thirteenth and final season of excavations at Tel Miqne in Israel. They had long suspected that Tel Miqne was the site of one of the main cities of the Philistine pentapolis, specifically biblical Ekron (Josh 13:3, plus 23 other references in the OT). Then a royal dedicatory inscription carved into a slab of limestone dramatically confirmed the place name, along with the names of five of its rulers, and two of them are specifically mentioned in the Bible.

The inscription was found in a destruction layer attributed to the Babylonian conquest dating to 603 BC It was within a 186 by 124 foot structure, considered a temple complex. The complex followed the design of known Assyrian palaces, and one section contained a sanctuary with a stone pavement; the inscription had fallen in the destruction to the pavement. The five lines of the inscription reads:

1. The temple which he built, 'kysh (Achish, Ikausu) son of Padi, son of
2. Ysd son of Ada, son of Ya'ir, ruler of Ekron,
3. For Ptgyh his lady. May she bless him, and
4. protect him, and prolong his days, and bless
5. his land.

Both Ikausu and his father, Padi, are known from Assyrian records as kings of Ekron. Sennacherib's annals mention Padi, in connection with the Assyrian campaign against the region in 701 BC that included the siege of King Hezekiah's Jerusalem. Padi also payed his taxes to his Assyrian overlord in 699 BC, as recorded on a royal clay sealing, indicating a contribution of a light talent of silver, about 67.5 pounds. Ikausu is numbered among twelve regional kings who transported building materials to Nineveh for the construction of the palace of Esarhaddon (680-669 BC) and also in a list of kings who assisted Ashurbanipal in his first campaign against Egypt in 667 BC The other three kings in this Philistine dynasty, Ysd, Ada and Yair, are otherwise unattested.

The goddess Ptgyh may be an unknown Philistine deity or, more likely, by reading the damaged fourth letter of the name as "nun=n", as Pt[n]yh. [16] This would be read as "Potnia," meaning "mistress" or "lady," the formal title used for various goddesses in ancient Greek The goddess behind the title was likely Asherah, a Semitic deity, since the other known Philistine deities bear clearly Semitic names: Dagon and Ba`al-zebul. The inscription thus helps confirm that the Philistines, whose origins were in Caphtor=Crete, in biblical tradition (See Amos 9:7), had largely assimilated to Canaanite culture in the centuries between their arrival and the dedication of the temple of Ekron.

9 MOUNT EBAL ALTAR [17]
This is a controversial pick, because the interpretation of the discovery is far from settled; nevertheless, Israeli archaeologist Adam Zertal, who came across the ruins during an archaeological survey of the tribal region of Manasseh in 1980, still adheres to his interpretation. He went on to excavate the site located on Mt Ebal, the mountain from which Joshua pronounced the curses, [18] lying opposite Mt. Gerizim, the mountain of blessings, and separated by the valley in which the ruins of ancient Shechem lie near modern Nablus. He determined to excavate the site because in the survey he had found a great quantity of pottery sherds lying around the large pile of stones. The sherds dated to Iron Age I, ca. 1220-1000 BC, the period in which Israelites apparently settled in Canaan, as well as the period of the Judges. Further, though many Iron Age I sites were discovered in the survey, this was the only such site on Mt. Ebal.


Photo of Mount Ebal by Todd Bolen - BiblePlaces.Com

Excavations began in the fall of 1982 and were concluded after six seasons. What was revealed was a compound consisting of enclosure walls, a large rectangular structure built of unhewn stones, including spaces deliberately filled with four distinct layers of earth, stones, ashes, animal bones, potsherds, or combinations of each. In the ash layers were 962 animal bones which were burned or scorched. These included the remains of four species: sheep, goats, domesticated cattle and fallow deer. These faunal remains differ from those found in typical Iron Age I sites because the range of animals represented is quite narrow. Usually evidence of the donkey and the dog are also found in Iron Age sites. Further, the pig, which is attracted to the same environment as fallow deer, is lacking at this site. All this suggests that the Mt. Ebal ruins was a cultic site where animals were sacrificed and eaten. The place was abandoned by 1130 BC Because of its unique location and singular characteristics, Zertal believes this was the altar built and used when Joshua fulfilled Moses' command to build an altar to Yahweh on Mt. Ebal (8:30-35).

10 UGARIT [19]
Tell Ras Shamra contains the ruins of an ancient city known as Ugarit. The name was known, although the location was not, from references in the Amarna letters of Egypt and the political correspondence from ancient Mari prior to the discovery in 1928. The major excavator was Claude F. A. Schaeffer followed after his retirement by several other French directors. Excavations still continue in the face of growing urbanization both at the tell and at a seaside site a few kilometers away, Ras Ibn Hani.


Some of the Excavations of Tell Ras Shamra.
Photo by Ferrell Jenkins, May 2002.


Apart from the architecture and artifacts of a wealthy, cosmopolitan center recovered, the significance of Ugarit is in the recovery of thousands of cuneiform tablets, written in several languages current in international circles of the day, but particularly a heretofore unknown language now bearing the name Ugaritic, after the site. When deciphered, the cuneiform signs used for writing were discovered to be based on the Semitic alphabet rather than on the syllabic signs of Mesopotamia. Even more important were the contents of the documents written in Ugaritic. Some were recovered from palace complexes and were primarily administrative and economic texts, opening a window on the international diplomacy and trade current before the city's destruction and demise c. 1180 BC. Others were recovered from temple complexes, including the legends and myths of Ugarit. Two legendary epics focus on ancient kings, Keret and Danel. Mythological texts recount the stories of Baal and Anath, Kathir-and-Khasis, El (the patriarch of the gods), Athtart, Mot (the god of sterility and death), Yam (the sea monster god) and others.

The myths and legends of Ugarit permit us to glimpse the conceptions of the supernatural that infused Canaanite life and thought and to observe their cultic rites and practices. The Canaanites were polytheists, and their gods were primarily deified aspects of nature. What we have is an unbiased view into the culture which dominated the land of Canaan into which the Israelites came, permitting us to understand the religious and cultural environment that in part Israel conquered and in part which conquered Israel. The Ugaritic literature and material continue to provide a rich source for comparative studies with biblical texts, including the Hebrew language, sociological, economic, monarchical, and religious areas. [20]

The Pictorial Library of Bible Lands includes pictures of the important biblical places. The pictures are easy to use, easy to locate, and of good quality. The collection contains more than 6,000 pictures (at least 500 per CD), each with a resolution of at least 1600x1200 pixels. This resolution means that images look crisp and clear, and are perfect for use with a monitor, projector, or printer (see some high-resolution samples).

el kabong wrote:.....................Explain these you liar:

WELCOME TO BIBLEPLACES

http://www.bibleplaces.com/

The Pictorial Library of Bible Lands includes pictures of the important biblical places. The pictures are easy to use, easy to locate, and of good quality. The collection contains more than 6,000 pictures (at least 500 per CD), each with a resolution of at least 1600x1200 pixels. This resolution means that images look crisp and clear, and are perfect for use with a monitor, projector, or printer (see some high-resolution samples).

Show me australia you asshole.

http://www.bibleplaces.com/details.htm

Explain this:

http://www.bib-arch.org/

New Synagogue Excavations In Israel and Beyond

http://www.bib-arch.org/bar/article.asp?PubID=BSBA&Volume=37&Issue=4&ArticleID=7

Archaeological Evidence verifying biblical cities

http://carm.org/archaeological-evidence-verifying-biblical-cities

There is very little doubt in anyone's mind about the reality of so many of the Old and New Testament cities mentioned in the Bible. Therefore, it is hardly necessary to document their existence. Nevertheless, following is a partial list of some of the cities mentioned in the Bible that have been found and excavated by archaeologists. This is simply more evidence that the Bible describes actual locations that can be verified. This means that at the very least, the Bible accurately reflects the locations and cities of ancient times.

Remember, this is only a partial list. There are hundreds of biblical cities that have been verified in archaeological digs.

1.Arad
A.Num. 21:1, "When the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who lived in the Negev, heard that Israel was coming by the way of Atharim, then he fought against Israel, and took some of them captive."
B.Num. 33:40, "Now the Canaanite, the king of Arad who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the sons of Israel."
i."Arad 30 km NE of Beersheba, excavated from 1962 to 1974 by Y. Aharoni and R. B. K. Amiran."1
ii."The site consists of an upper mound or acropolis, where excavation has revealed an Iron Age (post thirteenth century B.C.)."2
iii.The remains of a Hebrew temple were uncovered at Arad.3
2.Bethel
A.Amos 7:12-13, "Then Amaziah said to Amos, "Go, you seer, flee away to the land of Judah, and there eat bread and there do your prophesying! 13 "But no longer prophesy at Bethel, for it is a sanctuary of the king and a royal residence."
i."W. F. Albright made a trial excavation at Bethel in 1927. Albright then mounted a full excavation in 1934. His assistant that year, J. L. Kelso, continued the excavation in 1954, 1957, and 1960."4
3.Capernaum
A.Matt. 17:24, "And when they had come to Capernaum, those who collected the two-drachma tax came to Peter, and said, "Does your teacher not pay the two-drachma tax?"
i."Identified since 1856 with Tell Hum, Capernaum has been sporadically excavated for the past 130 years."5
4.Chorazin
A.Matt. 11:21, "Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles had occurred in Tyre and Sidon which occurred in you, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes."
i."Excavations of the now deserted town indicate that it once covered an area of twelve acres and was built on a series of terraces with the basalt stone local to this mountainous region."6
5.Dan
A.Judges 18:29, "And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father who was born in Israel; however, the name of the city formerly was Laish."
i."The excavation of Dan began in 1966 under the direction fo Avraham Biran."7
ii."Formerly called Laish, it is mentioned in the execration texts, the eighteenth-century b.c. Mari tablets, and the records of the Egyptian pharaoh Thutmose III. It is identified with Tel Dan (modern Tell el-Qadi) covering about 50 acres in the center of a fertile valley near one of the principal springs feeding the Jordan River...Tel Dan has been excavated by A. Biran since 1966. The earliest occupation, probably the full extent of the tell, goes back to about the middle of the third millennium B.C."8
6.Ephesus
A.Eph. 1:1, "Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, to the saints who are at Ephesus, and who are faithful in Christ Jesus."
i."Austrian archaeologists in this century [2oth] have excavated the 24,000-seat theater and the commercial agora, as well as many other public buildings and streets of the first and second centuries a.d., so that the modern visitor can gain some impression of the city as known by Paul.9
7.Gaza
A.Acts 8:26, "But an angel of the Lord spoke to Philip saying, "Arise and go south to the road that descends from Jerusalem to Gaza."
i.Gaza was was excavated by W. J. Phythian-Adams in 1922.10
8.Gezer
A.Joshua 16:10, "But they did not drive out the Canaanites who lived in Gezer..."
i.R.A.S. MacAlister "directed the Palestine Exploration Fund for many years and conducted extensive excavations at Gezer (1902–1909)."11
9.Hazor
A.Joshua 11:1, "Then it came about, when Jabin king of Hazor heard of it, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon and to the king of Shimron and to the king of Achshaph."
B.Jer. 49:28, "Concerning Kedar and the kingdoms of Hazor, which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon defeated. Thus says the Lord, "Arise, go up to Kedar and devastate the men of the east."
i."This large Canaanite and Israelite city in upper Galilee was excavated under Yigael Yadin's direction from 1955 to 1958 and from 1968 to 1970."12
10.Hesbon
A.Josh. 12:2, "Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon..."
i.Excavations were undertaken by Andrews University from 1968 to 1976.13
11.Jericho
A.Num. 22:1, "Then the sons of Israel journeyed, and camped in the plains of Moab beyond the Jordan opposite Jericho."
B.
i."Jericho was the oldest inhabited and fortified city ever excavated."14
ii."The city of OT times is represented today by a mound 70 feet high and 10 acres in area...The ancient city was excavated by C. Warren (1867), E. Sellin and C. Watzinger (1907-09), J. Garstang (1930-36), and K. Kenyon (1952-58)."15
iii."The first scientific excavation there (1907-9) was by Sellin and Watzinger (Jericho, 1913)."16
12.Joppa
A.Acts 9:38,"And since Lydda was near Joppa, the disciples, having heard that Peter was there, sent two men to him, entreating him, "Do not delay to come to us."
i."During excavations of the site of ancient Joppa a thirteenth-century b.c. citadel gate was uncovered...."17
13.Nineveh
A.2 Kings 19:36, "So Sennacherib king of Assyria departed and returned home, and lived at Nineveh."
B.Jonah 1:1-2, "The word of the Lord came to Jonah the son of Amittai saying, 2 "Arise, go to Nineveh the great city, and cry against it, for their wickedness has come up before Me."
i.Excavated in from 1845 to 1857 by Austen H. Layard.18
14.Shechem
A.Gen. 12:6, "And Abram passed through the land as far as the site of Shechem, to the oak of Moreh. Now the Canaanite was then in the land."
B.Gen. 33:18, "Now Jacob came safely to the city of Shechem, which is in the land of Canaan, when he came from Paddan-aram, and camped before the city."
i."Excavations were carried out at Shechem, first by Austrian-German expeditions in 1913 and 1914, and again from 1926 to 1934, under several directors, and then by an American expedition from 1956 to 1972....Excavation of the sacred area revealed a courtyard sanctuary and a later fortress temple dedicated to El-berith "the god of the covenant." This temple, which was destroyed by Abimelech, the son of the judge Gideon (Judges 9) has provided us with a date of the judges period."19
ii.Most recently a structure identified as an Israelite altar has been excavated on the northeastern slope of Mt. Ebal. Dating to the 13th to 12th centuries B.C., considered to be the time of Joshua, the altar suggest the possibility that it may be the altar built by Joshua and described in Deuteronomy 27, 28."20
15.Susa
A.Neh. 1:1, "The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah. Now it happened in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, while I was in Susa the capitol,
B.Esther 1:1-2, "Now it took place in the days of Ahasuerus, the Ahasuerus who reigned from India to Ethiopia over 127 provinces, 2 in those days as King Ahasuerus sat on his royal throne which was in Susa the capital,
i.Escavations were conducted by Marcel Dieulafoy from 1884 to 1886.21
There is very little doubt in anyone's mind about the reality of so many of the Old and New Testament cities mentioned in the Bible. Therefore it is hardly necessary to document their existence. Nevertheless, following is a partial list of some of the cities mentioned in the Bible that have been found and excavated by archaeologists. This is simply more evidence that the Bible describes actual locations that can be verified. This means that at the very least, the Bible accurately reflects the locations and cities of ancient times.

el kabong wrote:Hell Yeah!!!!!!!!!!!!!

The Bible is unparrelled for Drama and excitement.

Billy Ruben wrote:

el kabong wrote:Hell Yeah!!!!!!!!!!!!!

The Bible is unparrelled for Drama and excitement.

It's the incest porn that really gets me going...

Lilly fails because the scriptures themselves declare that the Testimony of one witness is not sufficient to 'make a case'. It requires TWO Witnesses. If she really knew Scripture she would know that.

John 5:31 "If I testify about myself, my testimony is not valid

Billy Ruben wrote:

..............
Sooooooo,I can make any religeon,as long as I have a witness...........

But................................will it last 3,000+ years? Odds are against that. many gods have come, many gods have gone. Lillys bullsit can't take any pressure, plus she has no actual evidence, except for her gibberish.

I myself, Barnacle Bill harpooned Cthulululuio off the Coast of Zanzibar not 2 years ago.

What occurred at/in Sinai was unique, the Authority of the Written Word superseded the authority of the Image.

Reiterating the Revolutionary Innovations that occurred at Sinai:
1: Monotheisn emerged,

2:Universal Codified Laws establishing Moral Ethics

3: The AlephBet-Proto AlphaBet emerged. The Hebrews reduced thosands of Images/Hieroglyphs/Petroglyphs/Ideograms/Pictograms into two dozen Characters, enabling Universal Literacy

For the first time ever, Religion demanded the follower be Literate. It is Commanded the Fathers obtain Scrolls of the Torah and teach them to their children.

Moses Commanded; Thou shall read the Law before all Israel Deut-31:10,11

The Reading of the Torah remains the most sacred obligation of every Jew.
Yahweh was concerned, unlike other gods, about the actions of everyone of His people.

Yahweh actually cares.

If someone was cheating/exploiting widows and orphans, mistreating strangers and slaves.etc.......YHWH knew and became wrathful.

The polytheistic gods did not.

Yahweh in His written Laws provided preventive Medicine, unknown to Egypt and Mesopotamis.

He explicitly spelled out in excruciating detail and minutia exactly what He expected from each and every Israelite.

Each Israelite established a personal relationship with Yahweh.

All of Yahwehs Laws were written down and everybody knew them.

It was an absolute Judaic condition that every male was literate.

Ignorance of the Law was no defence.

The Hebrews were the first to embrace Alphabetic writing, the Torah is the first Religious Book written in an Alphabet.

The 10 Commandments were transmitted in a written Alphabetic form; Paleo-Hebrew.

Abstract letters/grammatical sequence/uniconsonantal phenomes.

The Alephbet/Alphabet introduced the possibility of Universal Literacy, so we may honestly thank and praise Yahweh that we are Literate!

All together now: Hallelu Yahweh!!!


Woot!!!! Wooot!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

So once upon a time way out in the Sinai Desert a radical new communication technology emerged that would forever change cultural perceptions and that the first people to utilize it would introduce fundamental principles and features underpinning Western Civilisation.

Historical Data: Proto-Sinatic Alephbet/Alphabet

Discovered by Sir William Flinders Petrie, very early 20th century. Dated to: 1,800 BCE

Egyptian Coptic 2,000 years later/after

Tell el Armana Cache Phoenician 1,450 BCE letters from Canaanite Leaders to Akhenaton were scribed in Cuneiform

Akkadian Cuneiform after Sumerian Conquest.

An amazing vortex of Science and History occurred in the Sinai that the worlds oldest alphabet was found where the Hebrew Nation had their seminal experience. ............ Who'd a thunk??

Yet another Unique Concept brought forth at Sinai is the Concept of Free Will.

Throughout the ANE, Babylon, Egypt.etc......humans 'believed their fate, destiny was in the hands of the gods.

The Sinaitic Covenant convinced the Israelites that every decision was theirs to make: Choose Life or Choose Death.

The choice between Right and Wrong was upon the individual. This beget the concept of Guilt, 'Guilty Conscious'; an internal Quality Control.

Moral Realtivist may consider this an ambiguous area, but is it really?

Bottom Line of what occurred at Sinai, lo those many years ago, the Power that once had been given to pictures was transferred to written words.

The Power of the Right Brain was Transferred to the Left Brain.

The Alephbet/Alphabet is the Book of Yahwehs/Bibles Eminence Grise-The unsuspected power.



Superorganisms/memes compete, as one Entelechy rises, others fall.

Of all the ANE Superorganisms/Memes, only the Jews have survivied.

Alphabetic Literacy profoundly reconfigured the relationship between the Hebrews and their Deity and between the Hebrews and their neighbours. The other ANE cultures.

The Jews have an unshakable faith.

Pay attention here Billyboy, most peeps can't comprehend this. I have strong confidence in you.

The Religious beliefs of the Sumerians, Babylonians, Hittites, Hyskos, Hurrians, Cretans, Mittani, Assyrians, Persians, Canaanites, Ugarites, Akkadians, Egyptians, Greeks, Phoenicians, Philistines, and Roman Belief Systems have diminished greatly and most have disappeared.
The Hebrew Faith has withstood the Viscitudes of times, surviving catastrophes that should have extinguished them.

So it stands to reason, from a Mechanical Perspective, the Hebrews core Meme is very strong.

Billy Ruben wrote:well,
...I think we are going to hear True Lillys' REVISED version of events.

and no...

the first Jews were the Kosher Kanackas of Pangea...you sir,have alot of catching up to do.

You are subscribing to the first spin-doctors in recorded history,those bloody Rabbis.

No sir,True Lilly is the one true faith,I just like to test her....hehehehehehehe!!!

You know,Tintin is really the devil in charge,I'm more of a hired goon,totally inept at car bombs and beating old women up...but boy,can I spam her threads to death...

Billy Ruben wrote:well,You are subscribing to the first spin-doctors in recorded history,those bloody Rabbis.

The Genesis Enigma: Why The Bible Is Scientifically Accurate by Dr Andrew Parker

An Evolutionary Biologist Professor, Oxford..........not a chump.

In the Book of Genesis, God first and most famously creates heaven and earth, but 'without form', and commands: 'Let there be light.' A perfect description of the Big Bang, that founding moment of our universe some 13 billion years ago, an unimaginable explosion of pure energy and matter 'without form' out of nothing - the primordial Biblical 'void'.
He then creates the dry land out of the waters, but it is the water that comes first. As Parker points out, scientists today understand very similarly that water is indeed crucial for life.

When 'astrobiologists' look into space for signs of life on other planets, the first thing they look for is the possible presence of water.
On the third day, we are told: 'God said, "Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth: and it was so."'
Now factually speaking, grass didn't evolve until much later. In the Triassic and Jurassic epochs, the dinosaurs knew only plants such as giant conifers and tree ferns. But since grass did not in fact evolve until much later, a sternly literal-minded scientist would declare the Bible wrong, and consign it to the nearest wheelie bin.
But wait a minute, says Parker. If you take 'grass, herb and tree' to mean photosynthesising life in general, then this is, once again, spot on.


Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1200486/The-Genesis-enigma-How-DID-Bible-evolution-life-3-000-years-Darwin.html#ixzz1TG0EBaf8

Most of the skeptics (and atheists) believe that Old Testament writers borrowed from “epic of Gilgamesh” and other pagan sources found “at least one thousand years before Old Testament”… They often tell me: “Why do you believe a book that contains Sumerian/pagan stories” ... They say: “especially Genesis 2:5-23 has amazing similarities with religion of Sumerians :There was Sumerian “paradise” called DILMUN and a Goddess made 8 vegetables in a garden, one of the Gods was sick (He has a problem with his RIB) The Goddess cured his RIB and that’s why she was called ‘woman of life’(NINTI) so The RIB story in Torah borrowed from this source even the story of eating apple is of pagan origin and according to sumerian legends the first human created from dust JUST LIKE TORAH SAYS”.................http://christianthinktank.com/gilgy11.html.....My first reflection is one of surprise: I really, really thought there would be more concrete detail to support the claim of borrowing than what we saw here. I have heard SO MANY allegations of this in Internet correspondence, from students being 'pelted by professors', by just 'cultural osmosis'. So many of the scholars I read and referenced 'saw something' here in the texts, but upon close examination, I couldn't find anything of real substance. Instead of detailed correspondences of the type looked for by major scholars (gilgy00.html), what instead I found were general references to 'themes', 'patterns', 'motifs', 'frameworks'. Now, this would not be a problem in itself, except that such terms must be identified from the text—and THAT requires details. I begin to see that all the 'complaints' Assyriologists now make about 'biblical scholars' have a major point of validity. Compare just a few of the landscape-overviews I cited at the beginning of the series, and notice how this disapproval of fast-and-lose parallels is frequent:...

el kabong wrote:

Billy Ruben wrote:well,You are subscribing to the first spin-doctors in recorded history,those bloody Rabbis.

Au contraire billyboy.

Read the above Post. Convergence of Abstract Monotheism, Alephbet, etc.ultimate Social Engineering, ultimately giving rise to Messiah, Tzelem Elokim, Tikkun Olam............it is you who has been misled.

The Science provided at Sinai lo, thos many years ago, has been proven in modern Scientific Labouratories to be 100% correct.

Not 80%, not 90%, 100%.


The Genesis Enigma.
An Experimental Pharmacological Appreciation of Leviticus XI and Deuteronomy http://balmofgilead.info/Macht1953.pdf

it is you who has been misled.

Billy Ruben wrote:

el kabong wrote:

Billy Ruben wrote:well,You are subscribing to the first spin-doctors in recorded history,those bloody Rabbis.

Au contraire billyboy.

Read the above Post. Convergence of Abstract Monotheism, Alephbet, etc.ultimate Social Engineering, ultimately giving rise to Messiah, Tzelem Elokim, Tikkun Olam............it is you who has been misled.

The Science provided at Sinai lo, thos many years ago, has been proven in modern Scientific Labouratories to be 100% correct.

Not 80%, not 90%, 100%.


The Genesis Enigma.
An Experimental Pharmacological Appreciation of Leviticus XI and Deuteronomy http://balmofgilead.info/Macht1953.pdf

it is you who has been misled.

Mate,everything my mother ever told me was a conspiracy.I was sold quite a few ferpies in my time...until I learned their game...even mastering their game,does'nt bring satisfaction.

What I do,is take what is good,until someone says,join our group,or follow me I'm the light,then,I move on,with the goodies I learned,but autonomous and un-attached.
I'm glad you respect peoples differences,which is a good thing,cause my beliefs are a little out there for the orthodox.
I think L Ron Hubbard,was on to something,same with Icke...and hell,it's great science fiction anyway,if it's all baloney.Stories about incestuous daughters,getting their daddy drunk,on board the ark,to pass the time away...Did not the omnipotent God,Jehovah,see what an un-natural setting he gave his true believer, Noah?...anyway,it's all old-hat,science fiction is the future God...

I think God is cruel...and a sadist,just check out Jobs' screwed up life...not good.God,Even has to slaughter a lamb,to open the seven seals of the apocalypse,what,is there no heavenly letter opener or pen/biro...that's a lot of dead sheep to write the bible...why written in blood,cause our God is a sychophantic power-tripper.Well,at least the God of Earth certainly is...now who can that really be.

***Now since my beliefs are:

We are really space-trash,just a lump of preserved meat,cells from a far distant star system...taken as prisoner and genetically remade through a form of science,and seeded for food and labour and fun,by big Dracoids,with wings and a palate for babies,cause they're succulant to eat,than stringy adults

Yes,I'm Woo Woo,you might start to welcome True Lillys somewhat skewed version of the bible,than my dime-store science fiction view of the worlds history

Kabbalist Rav Berg draws upon the powerful wisdom of Kabbalah and reveals a startling new view of our universe and the meaning and purpose of our lives. Kabbalah for the Layman Volumes One, Two & Three, are a contemporary approach to a profound and ancient science that provides readers with the extraordinary tools necessary for creating lasting positive changes in their lives.

lillywillys(where is she?) fatal error is not allowing the Rabbis/Teachers explain/Exegesis/Midrash their own Scriptures.

Leads to literalist religious fundamentalism/Absolutism.

el kabong wrote:

#1: The Torah was presented publicly, Telepathicly; to the Entire Nation of Hebrews along with the greeks and egyptians that had accompanied them. Impossible to fake.

What support is there for the claim that God spoke to all the Jewish people at the foot of Mount Sinai?

true lilly wrote:Do you see what I see?

Do you wonder why it was done?


Artificial color image
of the Double Helix Nebula,
thought to be generated at the
galactic center by magnetic torsion
1000 times greater than the sun's.

Yep, a STAR of DAVID
circled by 12 more
POINTS of LIGHT.

And if you click on to the full sized image, also...

The Tudor rose
is used as the plant badge of
England.

London 2012 Olympics:
medal designs unveiled

MORE here:
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/8665946/London-2012-Olympics-medal-designs-unveiled.html

Now why would a world full of
CONspiracy 'sleuths' keep avoiding,
the topic of the "O" in ZION
(in The Centre of this circle
representing The World),


looking just like OZ, O'ZION,
AUSTRALIA,
even with the 'dot' of the "I" there
for little Tasmania?


Could it be for the same reason 'they' also
keep avoiding the topic of who Australia
can thank for BOOMING while the rest of
the world, is crashing?



Moreover, thou son ¹¹²¹ of man ¹²⁰,
take ³⁹⁴⁷ thee one ²⁵⁹ stick ⁶⁰⁸⁶,
and write ³⁷⁸⁹ upon it, For Judah ³⁰⁶³,
and for the children ¹¹²¹ of Israel ³⁴⁷⁸
his companions ²²⁷⁰:
then take ³⁹⁴⁷ another ²⁵⁹ stick ⁶⁰⁸⁶,
and write ³⁷⁸⁹ upon it, For Joseph ³¹³⁰,
the stick ⁶⁰⁸⁶ of Ephraim ⁶⁶⁹,
and [for] all the house ¹⁰⁰⁴ of Israel ³⁴⁷⁸
his companions ²²⁷⁰:

And join ⁷¹²⁶ them one ²⁵⁹ to another ²⁵⁹
into one ²⁵⁹ stick ⁶⁰⁸⁶;
and they shall become one ²⁵⁹
in thine hand ³⁰²⁷.


Moreover I will make ³⁷⁷²
a covenant ¹²⁸⁵ of peace ⁷⁹⁶⁵ with them;
it shall be an everlasting ⁵⁷⁶⁹ covenant ¹²⁸⁵
with them: and I will place ⁵⁴¹⁴ them,
and multiply ⁷²³⁵ them, and will set ⁵⁴¹⁴
my sanctuary ⁴⁷²⁰ in the midst ⁸⁴³² of them


for evermore ⁵⁷⁶⁹.
My tabernacle ⁴⁹⁰⁸ also shall be with them:
yea, I will be their God ⁴³⁰,
and they shall be my people ⁵⁹⁷¹.

And the heathen ¹⁴⁷¹ shall know ³⁰⁴⁵
that I the LORD ³⁰⁶⁸ do sanctify ⁶⁹⁴² Israel ³⁴⁷⁸,
when my sanctuary ⁴⁷²⁰ shall be in the midst ⁸⁴³²

of them for evermore ⁵⁷⁶⁹.

Please, Do Bother to read through ALL
The Words FULL DESCRIPTIVE MEANINGS,
including the root words:
http://www.blueletterbible.org/Bible.cfm?b=Eze&c=37&v=1&t=KJV#top

true lilly wrote:Now who's being elitist here? 'You'. Not me.

Why keep peddling the lie that one must be
'privy to secrets' of any religion or group,
in order to have God's Word revealed? When
God Promised ANYONE who sought to know Him,
with their Whole Heart, Mind and Strength
(Testing Scripture against Scripture, and, What Is,
In The Whole Real World), would be answered,
with revelations, knowledge, understanding and
Others of His Blessings.

[size=24]#1: The Torah was presented publicly, Telepathicly; to the Entire Nation of Hebrews along with the greeks and egyptians that had accompanied them. Impossible to fake.

In Bereshith 15:13 Yahuwah prophesies to Avraham that his seed will be strangers in a strange land for 400 years. We learn that the nation enslaving them would be judged, while Abraham’s children would make an exodus with great wealth. Yahuwah uses the 400 years as a general time frame even tough the actual time of slavery was 430 years. In Bereshith 46:4 Yahuwah tells Israel/Yakkov to go down to Mitzrayim in order that Yahuwah can bring to pass the patriarchal promise of physical multiplicity, while Yahuwah promises to be with Yisrael in Mitzrayim. When Yahuwah is with you, no one can be against you or His plan for your life. Yahuwah also promises to return Israel to Canaan, when He brings them up again from Mitzrayim. This promise is confirmed to Yisrael in Bereshith 28:15.

INITIAL OFFER

Yisrael was to be set-apart by their prophesied exodus from Egypt, and in order to seal their set-apartness from all nations, they were to be given a Torah or a set of loving instructions. According to Devarim/Deut. 4:6, all nations would then see that “only a wise (spiritual), and understanding people was this GREAT (physical) nation. Israel was brought forth, and set-apart to shine before men. In like manner Yahshua renewed that call in Matityahu 5:13-14. Torah would become their wisdom after the presentation of Torah to Yisrael on Horeb. When Israel obeys Yahuwah’s ways, all nations will confess our greatness, and our favor before man and Yahuwah. On Sinai/Horeb Yahuwah betrothed Himself to Yisrael. This betrothal is called an eruzin. It is a pledge unto consummation rather than a consummation act itself. In Tehillim 138:4 the Devar Yahuwah calls on all the earth’s kings, and rulers to give thanks to Yahuwah for His Torah being given to national Israel. The exodus was not merely to remove Israel from bondage but to allow all nations, and all kings of all nations to hear the Words of Yahuwah known as Torah. Our sages have taught us that at first Yahuwah revealed, and offered his chesed/grace to the sons of Esau/Edom, as it is written in Devarim 33:2. But they rejected Yahuwah, even though He rose up first to offer Torah to Esau. However Esau rejected the Torah from Sinai, when Yahuwah “rose in Seir” only to be denied. Then Yahuwah offered the Torah to the rest of the sons of Ishmael symbolized by Mt. Paran, who according to Devarim 33:2-3, also rejected the “shining forth” of Torah from Sinai, even though the manifestation of fire accompanied it, along with myriads of melachim/angels!

“HEBREW-NATIONAL” ADAM

When Edom and Ishmael rejected the Torah, Yahuwah then turned to His second son, the second Adam or national Adam. That, among a myriad of other reasons is why most of the modern Arabs hate Israel, (both houses) since they rejected the true Word of Yahuwah, which Israel later accepted. Ultimately the Arabs adopted the false words of a man made deity called Allah. Not only do Edomites hate Israel for accepting the living oracles, they also hate Israel (Jews and most Christians) for having accepted the “living Torah”, the Messiah Yahshua Himself. Today’s Muslims have once again rejected the living Torah, (true biblical Yahshua as Yahuwah’s ONLY brought forth SON!) as their Edomite and Ishmaelite forefathers rejected the living oracles shining forth from Sinai. Even today Muslims claim that Gabriel gave the latter revelation of the Koran, to Mohammed in large part to CORRECT THE ERRORS OF TORAH that the Jews and Christians added when they corrupted the Torah’s truth! Nothing much has changed in the last 3,500 years.........................

In Genesis 13:14-16 Yahuwah our Heavenly Father promised Abram the land of Canaan as well as a promise of physical multiplicity of his zera or his seed (sperm). Abram was told that this promise of physical multiplicity will be so vast and so extensive that the entire earth will literally be full of his zera. Verse 16 reminds us that at the time that this promise is literally and physically brought to pass it will be absolutely impossible for mankind to even count it, or in any way census it, since mankind is totally impotent and unable to count the dust of the earth. This promise is straightforward, needing absolutely no interpretation or explanation. That same seed will inherit the land eventually to be known as Israel.

In Genesis 15 verses 1-6 we see Abram willing to help Yahuwah fulfill the promise of Genesis 13 by prematurely and incorrectly choosing Eliezer, a Gentile, who is not a physical offspring of Abram's own sperm or zera, to be the one through whom that promise would be brought to pass. However Yahuwah rebukes Abram and makes it clear to him that His promise of physical multiplicity that would become a number that man would not be able to number would not come through an adopted Gentile or a second class choice. No! Our Heavenly Father ordained that this promised heir would come from Abram's own body. He would not be adopted but he would be a physical descendent of Abram. It is through this physical descendent that Yahuwah once again promises Abram that his physical offspring will be more than the stars of Heaven. Obviously through modern science we know that our solar system has billions of stars and of course that other solar systems have many more billions. These stars in totality produce a number that mankind cannot even fathom. Yahuwah challenges Abram's lack of ability in counting the stars with the words "if you can" in verse five. It is because of Abram's pure faith and trust in Yahuwah that he receives imputed righteousness as a result of his believing and trusting in Yahuwah's promise. Notice there is only one promise not many promises. Abram was declared righteous by faith in Yahuwah's one promise. Whoever this physical seed would turn out to be it would literally have to be more than the dust particles of the sea and the visible stars of heaven. This promise must be taken extremely and solely on a literal face value. Any tendency to somehow spiritualize this promise is a lack of faith in Yahuwah's literal Word. That would be the very opposite of the faith of Abram himself.

This promise of physical multiplicity and blessing is renewed in Genesis 17 verse 4 where Abram is told that this promise will establish him as a father of many nations or "hamon goyim". This term "hamon goyim" is also found in verse 5 and literally means a noisy multitude of Gentile nations. This physical seed that will literally fill the globe will not be a silent group of religious folks, rather they will be a great and noisy multitude making a great noise and tumult about Yahuwah and His gospel love for humanity. Verse 6 of Genesis 17 promises Abraham that through this seed of promise, kings would be manifest. This of course is talking about the kings that would one day make up the royal House of David through whom Messiah would come to His throne. In verse 7 Yahuwah reassures Abraham that this promise of greatness through physical multiplicity would be unconditional and everlasting...................